Poor Economics: A Radical Rethinking of the Way to Fight Global Poverty (ISBN=9781586487980) 下载 极速 rtf epub 在线 word txt pdf

Winner of the 2011 Financial Times/Goldman Sachs Best Business Book of the Year Award

Billions of government dollars, and thousands of charitable organizations and NGOs, are dedicated to helping the world's poor. But much of their work is based on assumptions that are untested generalizations at best, harmful misperceptions at worst.

Abhijit Banerjee and Esther Duflo have pioneered the use of randomized control trials in development economics. Work based on these principles, supervised by the Poverty Action Lab, is being carried out in dozens of countries. Drawing on this and their 15 years of research from Chile to India, Kenya to Indonesia, they have identified wholly new aspects of the behavior of poor people, their needs, and the way that aid or financial investment can affect their lives. Their work defies certain presumptions: that microfinance is a cure-all, that schooling equals learning, that poverty at the level of 99 cents a day is just a more extreme version of the experience any of us have when our income falls uncomfortably low.

This important book illuminates how the poor live, and offers all of us an opportunity to think of a world beyond poverty.

Learn more at www.pooreconomics.com

Foreword　

Think Again, Again　

PART I: PRIVATE LIVES

　A Billion Hungry People?　

　Low-Hanging Fruit for Better (Global) Health?　

　Top of the Class　

　Pak Sudarno's Big Family　

PART II: INSTITUTIONS

　Barefoot Hedge-Fund Managers　

　The Men from Kabul and the Eunuchs 0fIndia:

　The (Not So) Simple Economics of Lending to the Poor

　Saving Brickby Brick　

　Reluctant Entrepreneurs　

　Policies, Politics　

　In Place of a Sweeping Conclusion　

　Acknowledgments　

　Notes　

　lndex　

Abhijit Vinayak Banerjee is the Ford Foundation International Professor of Economics at MIT. He is the recipient of many honors and awards, including most recently the inaugural Infosys Prize in 2009, and has been an honorary advisor to many organizations including the World Bank and the Government of India.

Esther Duflo is the Abdul Latif Jameel Professor of Poverty Alleviation and Development Economics at MIT. She is a recipient of the MacArthur “genius” award (2009) and the John Bates Clark medal awarded annually to the best American economist under forty (2012). In 2003, Banerjee and Duflo cofounded the Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab (J-PAL), which they continue to direct.

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穷人所陷入的困境与我们其他人的困扰似乎是一样的——缺乏信息、信念不坚定、拖延。的确，我们并不贫穷，受过良好的教育，见多识广，但我们与穷人的差别其实很小，因为我们的认识比我们想象中要小得多。

我们的真正优势在于，很多东西是我们在不知不觉中得到的。我们住在有自来水的房子里，不用想着每天早晨往水里加消毒剂。下水道自行运转，我们甚至不知道是怎样运转的。我们大都相信医生会尽力为我们服务的，公立医院会告诉我们该做什么不该做什么。我们别无选择，只能让孩子接种疫苗（公立学校不接收未接种疫苗的孩子）。即使我们处于某种原因没给孩子接种疫苗，他们可能安全无恙，因为其他所有人都接种过了。如果我们去健身房，我们的保险公司会奖励我们，因为他们担心没有奖励我们会不去。而且，或许最重要的是，我们大多数人都无须担心是否有下一顿饭吃。换句话说，我们几乎用不着自己有限的自控及决断能力，而穷人则需要不断运用这种能力。

总体来说，穷人的首要选择显然是，让自己的生活少一点儿乏味。

人类对于美好生活的基本需求，或许可以解释为什么印度的食品消费一直都在下降。

大多数人的贫穷状态，并非是由他们吃不饱饭造成的。

他总是提前购买化肥，因为他知道，钱放在家里根本存不住。他说，只要钱一放在家里，就总会有事情发生，钱就会被花掉。

问题并不在于穷人为健康花了多少钱，而是他们的钱究竟花到哪儿去了。他们常常把钱花在昂贵的治疗上，而不是廉价的预防上。

第一，穷人通常缺少信息来源，相信那些错误的事情。

书籍介绍

Winner of the 2011 Financial Times/Goldman Sachs Best Business Book of the Year Award

Billions of government dollars, and thousands of charitable organizations and NGOs, are dedicated to helping the world's poor. But much of their work is based on assumptions that are untested generalizations at best, harmful misperceptions at worst.

Abhijit Banerjee and Esther Duflo have pioneered the use of randomized control trials in development economics. Work based on these principles, supervised by the Poverty Action Lab, is being carried out in dozens of countries. Drawing on this and their 15 years of research from Chile to India, Kenya to Indonesia, they have identified wholly new aspects of the behavior of poor people, their needs, and the way that aid or financial investment can affect their lives. Their work defies certain presumptions: that microfinance is a cure-all, that schooling equals learning, that poverty at the level of 99 cents a day is just a more extreme version of the experience any of us have when our income falls uncomfortably low.

This important book illuminates how the poor live, and offers all of us an opportunity to think of a world beyond poverty.

Learn more at www.pooreconomics.com